INNOVATIVE CONCEPTION TO SOLVE POWER CRISIS

 

 

INNOVATIVE CONCEPTION TO SOLVE POWER CRISIS

SOLARISED WINDMILL

 

 

ABSTRACT

 

 Most of the rural areas are lacking sufficient power supply. Even though Indian government has taken necessary steps to supply them with power, there are still regions of India where there is no power even for street and house lighting. As rural areas are present in remote regions from the power stations, transmission of power becomes costlier. The grid system construction and transmission losses become the most important aspects that add on to the cost of supplying power to rural areas. In order to deal with it, every rural area can be made self sufficient to meet their energy needs, by introducing efficient and cheap renewable energy plants within those areas. This paper would clearly reveal our idea to combine wind and solar power generation methodologies with the optimized vertical axis turbine blades which would provide an added advantage, to facilitate self sufficient power supply system for the rural areas.

 

       I.      INTRODUCTION

 

India is a land of all physical features. It is most supportive to solar power generation in the northern western parts and to wind power generation along the costal belt as well as Deccan regions. There are also places where these resources are present either of them or both in the time. But renewable energy resource mostly does not help in generating continuous power. They remain idle when the nature does not provide the required resources. So a technology which would supplement this drawback should produce power from more than one source so that they can provide self sufficient uninterrupted power supply. Which is to be possible by H₂ based Energy Storage System. H₂ will act as standby power source whenever both wind and solar energy fail.

 

 

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CONCLUSION:

 

India is a land of four seasons. However summer and spring season has dominant part all around the year. This shows that either wind or solar power is available which can be effectively utilized by implementing our modern windmill design. This concept of storing the excess energy in the form of hydrogen which has been provided as supportive backup for this system will enhance power throughout the year. The average power supply for a village can be satisfied by this technology.

 

 

 

ENERGY CONSERVATION

 

 

ENERGY CONSERVATION

 

ABSTRACT:

                         Energy is an important unit for development. In the present energy crisis scenario, many people think in terms of alternate energy sources and conservation methodologies. In a Thermal power station, Boiler units are designed to transfer heat energy from combustion of pulverized coal to water and in turn to steam which will rotate a prime mover and from which electricity is obtained. Boilers which are present in the power stations are made of web of high pressure steel tubes and insulated with cotton; some of the heat radiated through walls and absorbed by the insulation is wasted. From an energy conservation point of view it would be desirable to reclaim this heat in a usable form. The best and most obvious form of heat recovery is pre heating the feed water. For this purpose we are introducing a new concept of “HOLLOW BOILER” in which feed water is circulated in the hollow space before sending to the feed water tank. Due to this, water which is fed into the boiler will be pre heated to high temperature (say 80 degree) there by it functions as an economizer and temperature control sensors are employed to avoid over heating of the feed water. In order to avoid corrosion, the boiler walls are coated with sheets of “Austenitic stainless steel” which is having the property of high corrosion resistant with good mechanical properties like toughness, weldability, heat resistant, machinability.

Objective:

Ø  To utilize the heat wasted in the boiler walls by simply insulating with cotton and radiating to ambient,

Ø  Water circulated in the hollow walls of the boiler  will act as coolant,

Ø  Austenitic stainless steel sheets are used to reduce corrosion,

 To employ Tangential firing to utilize maximum heat energy from coal to get super saturated steam.

 

 

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INTRODUCTION:

            Energy conservation is now faced with the challenge of applying the latest technology for facilities and improvements, which can be justified on its own merits. In the present world energy spectrum, energy management plays an important role. Under these circumstances, energy conservation is the technique to be adopted to face the energy crisis. The best and most obvious form of heat recovery in power plants is preheating the feed water. At present for this purpose economizers are used in the thermal power plants, but according to our concept usage of hollow boilers will reduce the entire section of economizer and also the water circulated in the hollow space will act as the coolant.

 

CONCLUSION:

            The usage of “Hollow Tangential Boiler” With the proper design has the following advantages:

      It reduces the work and space of an economizer,

      The feed water acts as a coolant,

      Presence of austenitic steel lining will increase the corrosion resistant property,

      Deaeration process will ensure the purity of the regenerated water and also checks corrosion.

      Tangential firing will provide the flames in the controlled surface and maximum heat transfer .

 So, Usage of the “HTB” will increase the efficiency of the boiler, there by increasing the efficiency of the Power station.

 

 

OBSTACLE AVOIDING ROBOT

 

OBSTACLE AVOIDING ROBOT

 

ABSTRACT:

                              Obstacle avoiding Robot

CATEGORY PREFERENCE:

                        Robotics is part of today’s communication. In today’s world ROBOTICS is fast growing and interesting field. It is simplest way for latest technology modification. Now a day’s communication is part of advancement of technology, so we decided to work on ROBOTICS field, and design something which will make human life simpler in day today aspect. Thus we are supporting this cause.

 

OBJECTIVE:

 This project is basic stage of any automatic robot. This ROBOT has sufficient intelligence to cover the maximum area of provided space. It has an infrared sensor which is used to sense the obstacles coming in between the path of ROBOT. It will move in a particular direction and avoid the obstacle which is coming in its path.

IMPLEMENTATION METHODOLOGY:

We have used two D.C motors to give motion to the ROBOT. The construction of the ROBOT circuit is easy and small .The electronics parts used in the ROBOT circuits are easily available and cheap too.

APPLICATION:

Real-time obstacle avoidance is one of the key issues to successful applications of mobile robot systems. All mobile robots feature some kind of collision avoidance, ranging from primitive algorithms that detect an obstacle and stop the robot short of it in order to avoid a collision, through sophisticated algorithms, that enable the robot to detour obstacles.

 

JUSTIFY CHOICE OF CATEGORY:

 

 Autonomous navigation, in general, assumes an environment with known and unknown obstacles, and it includes global path planning algorithms [3] to plan the robot's path among the known obstacles, as well as local path planning for real-time obstacle avoidance. This article, however, assumes motion in the presence of unknown obstacles, and therefore concentrates only on the local obstacle avoidance aspect

BASIC EXPLANATION OF THE PROJECT:

 

The latter algorithms are much more complex, since they involve not only the detection of an obstacle, but also some kind of quantitative measurements concerning the obstacle's dimensions. Once these have been determined, the obstacle avoidance algorithm needs to steer the robot around the obstacle and resume motion toward the original target. Autonomous navigation represents a higher level of performance, since it applies obstacle avoidance simultaneously with the robot steering toward a given target.

 

 

NEED ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR

ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR

Name of Post : Associate Professor
Organization : SAHA Institute of Nuclear Physics
Total No. of Posts : 04 Posts
Pay Scale : Rs. 15600-39100 + Grade Pay of Rs. 7600
Age Limit : Preferably below 40 years
Qualification And Experience : Candidates with Ph.D. degree with at least 2 years of post-doctoral experience with some recognition amongst scientists in their specializations.
Closing Date : 17th May 2013

Formore details click here

NEED SENIOR ENGINEER (CHEMICAL)

SENIOR ENGINEER (CHEMICAL)

Name of Post: Senior Engineer (Chemical)
Organization: GAIL (India) Limited
Total No. of Posts: 30 Posts
Pay Scale: Rs. 24900 – 50500/-
Upper Age Limit: 30 Years
Qualification: Bachelor Degree in Engineering in Chemical/ Petrochemical/ Chemical Technology with minimum 65% marks
Experience: Minimum 01 year post qualification executive experience in Oil / Gas / Petrochemical/ Fertilizer/ Chemical/ Steel Industry.
Selection Process: Group Discussion and/or interview before the Selection Committee
Closing Date: 21st May 2013

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NUCLEAR HYDROGEN SYSTEM FOR PEAK POWER GENERATION

ABSTRACT

In a carbon-dioxide constrained world, the primary methods to produce electricity (nuclear, solar, wind, and fossil fuels with carbon sequestration) have low operating costs and high capital costs. To minimize the cost of electricity, these plants must operate at maximum capacity; however, the electrical outputs do not match changing electricity demands with time. A system to produce intermediate and peak electricity is described that uses light-water reactors (LWRs) and high- temperature electrolysis. At times of low electricity demand the LWR provides steam and electricity to a high-temperature steam electrolysis system to produce hydrogen and oxygen that are stored. At times of high electricity demand, the reactor produces electricity for the electrical grid. Additional peak electricity is produced by combining the hydrogen and oxygen by operating the high-temperature electrolysis units in reverse as fuel cells or using an oxy-hydrogen steam cycle. The storage and use of hydrogen and oxygen for intermediate and peak power production reduces the capital cost, increases the efficiency of the peak power production systems, and enables nuclear energy to be used to meet daily, weekly, and seasonal changes in electrical demand. The economic viability is based on the higher electricity prices paid for peak-load electricity. Moreover, the hydrogen produced can be supplied to the refinery industries through pipelines. However, the primary use of hydrogen is to produce electricity. Significant development work is required before the technology is commercially implemented.

 

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Conclusions

In a carbon-dioxide constrained world there are many options to produce electricity (solar, wind, nuclear, fossil fuels with carbon dioxide sequestration). However, all of the major options (1) have high capital costs and low operating cost that necessitate operating at full capacity for economic electricity production and (2) do not produce electricity that matches variable real-world electrical loads. Methods to produce variable electrical loads to match electricity from capital- intensive technologies are required. One set of options is using nuclear reactors to produce hydrogen at times of low electricity demand, storing that hydrogen, and using that hydrogen for peak power production. If such a peak power system was to be built today, the reactor would be an LWR, traditional electrolysis would be used for hydrogen production, and a hydrogen version of the combined cycle natural gas plant would be used to convert hydrogen to electricity. The round-trip efficiency of electricity to hydrogen to electricity would be between 40 and 50%. With near-term improvements in electrolyzers and the use of oxy-hydrogen steam cycles, the round-trip efficiency would increase to between 50 and 60%. HTE has the potential to further increase round-trip cycle efficiency by using heat to partly substitute for electricity in the electrolysis process. Round trip efficiencies may exceed 60%. Simultaneously, a HTE system can in principle be operated as a fuel cell for conversion of hydrogen to electricity. This capability dramatically reduces capital costs—a high priority because peak power systems operate for a limited number of hours per year. Moreover, the hydrogen produced by the HTE process can be transported and used in refinery industries effectively and economically. There are significant challenges in particular; the successful commercialization of the high-temperature-electrolysis fuel-cell technology is required. There are a set of auxiliary technologies that can improve performance and economics if successfully developed. These include bulk oxygen storage technologies and various oxygen-hydrogen to electricity technologies. Most of the other key technologies are available. The development of peak-power electric technologies would significantly enhance the competitiveness of all high capital, low-operating  cost electric generation  technologies—base load  nuclear, fossil fuels with carbon sequestration, wind, and solar.